Internal-combustion engine



April 5, 1927.

1,623,462 E. Hanna;

iNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 5, 1921 tS -Sheet INVENTOR.

, 1 m Edward H. Be/den.

Ap s, 1927.

E. H. BELDEN INTERNAL GOMBUSTIdN ENGINE Filed March. 5, 1921 6 a v Q 6mm m #600 0 0 .o o o A o H O0 9. 990 m mm o o o 0 o o o o 0 me 9O O w 3O o o o o Q0000 3 no no 1 2 April 7 E. H. BELDEN INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINE v Filed March 5, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet, 4

l IINVENTOR. Edvard HBelden Patented 5. 1927.

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EDWARD H. BELDEN, onlronnno, 01110,; assrenon 'ro'rnn FF-FEE.

wants-OVERLAND oom- PANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

- mrnrm'an-comnusrron Enema.

Application filed mama 5,-1921'. Serial No. 449,715.

' Another object of the invention is to provide an improved bearing,arrangement and drive mechanism forlthe eccentric shaft of asleeve'valve engine.

- Another object of vide an improved crank and eccentric shaft mountingfor multi-cylinder engines whereby the vibration or whipping tendency inthe shaft 'isredu ced tola minimum;

Another object of the invention is to provide-an engine constructed inan improved manner to permit a number of the operating units thereof tobe driven by the crank shaft from a point'intermediate its ends Anotherobject of he invention is to provide an improved drive mechanismconstructed in a manner tobe interchangeably connected with differentclasses of operating units for controlling a motor driven vehicle.Another object of'theinvention is to-provide an improved forced. feed.oiling'ssystem for internal combustion engines. V With these and otherobjectsin-view, the invention eomprises certainimproved' forms ofconstruction, arrangementof parts, and combination-of elements whichwill behereinafter more fully described and claimed, it

being understood that the present showing.

isintended to illustrate one form of the-invention f' which is.susceptible of "'various 'modifications tosuit special or varyingconditions, and it will be further understood that the terms which Ihave used are merely descriptive and not limiting, andthat itlis myintention .to include any and all modificatio ns which come withinthescope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

- in which In the accompanying drawings '1 have illustrated one.embodiment of the invention -Figure I is a longitudinal sectionalelevationof an engine embodying the. invention.

on'line II-II of Figure I. Y

Figure III isa transverse sectional ele-' Figure II is a transversesection taken vation taken on line IIIIII of Figure I. FigureIV is anenlarged transverse section taken on line IVIV of Figure I.

Figure V. is a detail sectional view taken on line VV of Figure IV.

he invention is to pro-' IV showing by dotted lines and in more or'Figure VI is aside elevationof the poition of the engine baseillustrated 'in Figure less conventional form the'drive'fort-heger'ieratorand distributor.

resent the upper and lower sections respec tively of the crank caseoftheengine which are suitably bolted together and which serve tosupport the cylinders ,12 having-the heads "13 projecting therein, theheads being pro vided with upwardly extending tubular portions 14 forreceiving the spark plugs 15),-

' said tubular portions extending through the removable cover 16 andbeing, threaded to receive the retaining'nuts 17 by means of which thecover is clamped upon the cylinders. The cylinders and heads aresurroundedv by a cooling chamber as indicated at 18.,

The intake manifold 19 is adapted to com municate with the carburetor 20b'y' meains of the transverse pipe 21 'extendin nt 11 through the engineas indicated in li ig ur'e I, while the exhaust manifold 22, is on thesame side with-the carburetoras indicated j in -Figure II. The inner andouter sleeve Referring to the drawings 10 and -11 repvalves 23 and'24respectivelyioperate within valve,. said inner I and outersleeves-being;

respectively, which are connected in the usual manner with the eccentricshaft 29,

which is in turn driven by the crank shaft' end walls 31 and 32respectively, in which,

are formed the upper halves of the front and rear crank shaft bearings33 and 34, the

lower halves of the bearings being bolted on or otherwise secured to thecrank case. The

.-the cylinder, while'the piston 25 and'con 5' nectin rod 26.niovewithin the inner sleeve actuated by the connecting rods 27 and 28,

front and rearbearings 35 and 36' on the opposite ends of the eccentricshaft 29 are also formed in the crank case walls as shown in Figure I.At apoint substantially central of the crank case are the verticaltransverse connecting walls 37 and 39 which in of which are removableandsaid walls are etficiency f the engine by affording an ex-, tremelywell balanced driving mechanism which is free from the excessive strainsand l stresses usually found in engines of this type. Another-importantfeature of the invention comprises the driving of the eccentric shaftfrom the center of the crank shaft and likewise thedriving of theseveral operating units for controlling the enginefroin the same pointin a'manner which willbe here inafter explained.

' It will be seen from Figure'l'that the crank shaft is provided at itscenter and in termediatr the centrally disposed bearings 40- and 41-with gears 0r sprockets 44 and 45 V which are preferably formed integralwith the shaft, but which may be separately formed and secured thereonif desired. Engaging the sprocket 45 is the chain 46 which extends overa-sprocket 47 on a short shaft 48 carrying a gear 49 meshing with a worm50 for operating the oil or lubricating pum 51 to force the lubricantfrom the bottom 0 the crank case through the crank shaft in a manner tobe.presently-"described, said pump being removable bodily'throughthebottom of the casing upon removal of the plate 52 shown in the lowerleft hand corner of Figure'IIL The shaft 48 is' journalled at one end ina removable bracket 53 suitably connectedwith the extension 54 'of theupper,- section 10 of'the crank case, while its opposite end isjourn'alled in the wall of the extension and is connected with andadapted to drive the generator 55 as shown in Figure VI. The outer endof'the shaft 48, supported by the removable bracket 53, isprovidedwithage'ar 56 adapted to'drive the distributor 57 through a gearon the dis tributo-r shaft, (not shown). If it"ijs found desirable touse a magneto, the bracket 53 and distributor 57 are removed and aspecially designed bracket carryingthe magneto is applied in a manner topermit the magneto to be driven by the shaft 48. In this way thegenerator, the distributor or the magneto, is driven directly from thecenter of the crank shaft from a point between the of the eccentricshaft 29 and at a point opposite the sprocket 44 of the crank shaft 30is asprocket 58 driven by a chain 59 connecting said sprockets as shownin Figure III. Secured upon the eccentric shaft ad- "journaled in thewalls of the removable extwo center bearings 40 and 41." At the centerjacent the sprocket 58 is a gear 60 meshing 'with another gear 61 on theshaft 62 adapted'to. drive a tire pump 63, mounted on a bracket 64boltedto the crankcase as shown in"Figure II, said shaft" 62'gbeingsuitably tension 65 which is bolted to thecasing, and

which forms a housing for the gear 61. The I fly wheel 66 is bolted tothe rear end "of the crank shaft and is adapted to be driven by; l

the starting motor 67, while the opposite end of the crank shaftis'adapted to drive the fan in the usual manner as-shownin Figure I.

Awater c rculating pu1np'(not shown) is adapted to be driven by a'shaft68 having a gear 69 connected with the gear 70 on the front end of theeccentric'shaft I Coming now tothe'lubricatingsystem of the engine, thepump 51 is adapted to supply' lubricating material tothe pipe 71 runninglongitudinally of the engine for the full length thereof and supportedby the boss-like portions 72 of thecrank shaft cas ing 10. -There arethree leads extending from this pipeto the crank shaft, one for each endbearing of the crank shaft and another leading through the transversewall 38 of the casing directly to the crank shaft bearing 41, said leadsbeing formed as indicated at 73 in Figure III, the same being drilledthrough the tube-like portions 74 of the casing. The front crank shaftbearing 7 33 is provided with an inlet opening 75 reg istering with thepassageway 7 3 leading 'fromthe front end of the pipe 71 and from saidinlet opening 75 a passageway 76 leads j through the crank .shaft to thefirst two connecting rod bearings. thereon. The rear crank shaftbearing34 is provided with an 10 'inlet opening 77 communicating with the;

passageway 73 leading from the rear end "of the supply pipe71 and fromsaid inlet open ing 7-7 a passageway 78' leads through' the crank shaftto the two rear'most connecting 110 rod bearings as shown in Figure I.Thecrank shaft bearing 41 is provided/ with an inlet opening 7 9 whichregisters with the centrally disposed passageway 73 and from said inletopening 79, passageways 80 and-81 extend forwardly and rearwardlyrespectively to the two connecting rod bearings adjacent the crank shaftbearings 40 and 41. The front and rear and interme= diate eccentricshaft bearings are supplied with oil in a manner which will presently bedescribed. The crank shaft bearings are eabh provided with a groove orrecess 82 as shown in Figure IV, and said. grooves receive the oildischarged from the end and intermediate leads 73 and from a passage way83 leading through the bearing 40 from the passageway 80. Extending fromeach ofsaid grooves or'recesses 82 are outwardly extending passageways84 leading to the m sa front, rear intermediate eccentric shaftbearings, said passageways being clearly .in-

dicated in Figure Leading from the groove 82 of the crank shaft bearing40 1s a by-pass 85 controlled by a spring "pressed valve 86', the stemof which projects'into a chamber 87 and is guided by a removable cover88, said -chamber having a, diagonally disposed outlet passageway 89 fordirecting the excess lubricating material upon the drive chain 46 andother parts of the driving mechanism. It will be understood that thevalve 86 will not be opened until the normalpressure in the system isexceeded, as when the pump is being driven above a predetermined rate ofspeed. i p

The rear end of the crank shaft is pro vided with a collar 90 fordirecting the excess oil from the bearing 34 into the oil groove 91which is adapted to feed the oil vdownwardly through thedischarge pipe92 into the bottom of the crank case. By means of the pump 51, oil isforced through the three leads 73 extending from the supply pipe 71 andit will thus be seen thatthe oil Y is forced under. pressure to the endand intermediate bearings of the crank shaft from whence it; is forcedto the connecting rod bearings and to the eccentric shaft bearingsaswell, and that although there is only one relief valve provided, thepressure is the same at the centers and ends of the crank and eccentricshafts, regardless of the fact that the oil feeding passageways for. theseveral port-ions of the driving mechanisrnare not directly connected.

An oil sump 93 is positioned betweenthe crank shaft bearings 40 and 41beneath the sprocket chains 46 and 59 to supply oil to the latter, theoil being supplied to the sump by the overflow from the adjacentbearings of the crank shaft and other partsof the mechanism. While Ihave shown and described-1n considerable detail certain specificembodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that this showingandTdescription is illustrative.

only and for the purpose of rendering the invention more clear, and thatI. do not regard the invention as limited to the details of constructionillustrated or described exspecifically.

by Letters Patent, is

cept in so far as I have included such limitations within the followinclaims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in theinvention, broadly as well as What I claim as new and desire tosecure 1. t In an explosive engine,.a crank case, a crank shaftjournaled therein, work performing shafts disposed upon the oppositesides of said crank shaft, and driving means extending in oppositedirections from the crank shaft intermediate its ends and opera- 'tivelyconnected with said work performing shaftsp i 2. .Inan explosive engine,a crank case, a

crank shaft journaled therein, work performing shafts disposed upon theopposite sides of said crank shaft substantially parallelftherewith,sprockets formed upon the crank shaft intermediate its ends, and driv- Inaled in the crank case,-and driving means I extending from the crankshaft intermediate its ends and connected with said Work performingshaft; i

4. In an explosive engine, a crank case, cylinders disposed thereon andhaving in t-ake and exhaust ports, pistons within the cylinders, a crankshaft journaled in said said pistons, valves forjcontrolling' saidincrank case and operatively connected with .take and exhaust ports, aneccentric shaftoperatively connected'with said valves, driving meansconnecting said shafts adjacent the center of the engine, and a work.performing shaft operatively connected with said crank shaft adjacentthe center-of the engine.

5. In an explosive engine, a r ank casing, a crank shaft journaledtherein, an eccentric shaft. \journaled in the casing, a chain driveconnecting said shafts within the casing,

and a'removable oil sump disposed within' the-casing through which said{chain is adapted to travel.

6. .In an explosive engine, a' 'crank casing,

a crank shaft journaled therein,;an eccentric shaft ournaled in thecasing,'driving' means connecting said 'shafts within the casing,

and a removable'oil sump within the casing in which saiddrivingmechanism isadapted to travel.

7 In an explosive engine, acrank casing,

with intake and exhaust ports, pistonswithin the cylinders, valves forcontrolling said ports, a crank shaft journaled in the casing andoperatively connected with said pistons cylinders carried by the casingprovided and valves, said crank shaft having passage waystherein leadingto its several bearings and each communicating with passageways formedin the walls of the casing, means for forcing lubricating materialthrough the passageways in said casing walls to said crank shaft,and'aspring. pressed outlet valve in one of said casing passageways.

. '8. 'Inan explosive engine, acrankcasing having lubricatingpassageways formed therein, cylinders carried by the casing pro-' videdwith intake and exhaust ports, pistons 5' valves, lubricatingpassageways extending from the passageways in the crank shaft to thehearings o the eccentric shaft, means for forcing lubricant through thefirst men-,

tioned passageways to the bearings of the said crank shaft and thence tothe bearings .of the eccentric shaft, and a spring pressed outlet valvein one of said passageways;

9. In an explosiveengine, a crank casing having lubricating passagewaysformed therein, 0 lin'ders carried by the casing provided wit intake andexhaust ports, pistons within the cylinders, valves for controlling saidports, acrankshaft journaled in the casing and operatively connectedwith said pistons, saidcrank shaft having passagej ways therein leadingto its several bearings and communicating with the first mentionedpassageways, an eccentric shaft journaled in the casing and operativelyconnected with said valves, driving means connecting said shafts attheir centers, means for forcing lubricatin material through saidpassage ways to t ebearings of said shafts and a spring pressed outletvalve controlling an outlet passageway leading from said crank shaft andlocated to discharge lubricating material upon said driving mechanismwhen the valve is open. I

'10. In an explosive engine, 'a-crank casing having lubricatingpassageways formed therein, a crankshaft journale'd in the casing andhaving lubricating passageways therein leading to its'several bearingsand communicating with the first mentioned passageways, aneccentricshaft journaled in the casing, lubricating passagewaysextending from the passageways in said crank shaft to the bearings ofsaid eccentric shaft, driving mechanism connecting said shafts ways, andI ling an outlet passageway leading fromone at their centers, means forforcing lubricating material through said passageways to said bearings,and a spring pressed valve controlling an outlet passageway leading fromone of said bearings, said outlet passageway being located to dischargelubricating material upon said driving mechanism when the valve is open.

11. In an explosive engine, a crank casmg having bearings formedthereln, a" crank shaft journaled in 'said bearin s, an eccentrio shaftjournaled-in the cran case, driv ing means connecting said shafts Tattheir centers, lubricating passageways formed in the walls of the casingand leading'to said crank and eccentric shaft bearings, means forforcing lubricating material through said passageways to each of saidbearings, and a spring pressed-valve closing anoutlet passageway leadingfrom one of the bear ings, said outlet passageway being locateddrivingmechanism when the valve is open. 12. In an explosive engine, acrank case,

a crank shaft journaled therein, an eccen-- tric'e shaft journaled inthe casing, driving means connecting said shafts at their centers,lubricating passageways formed in the walls of the crank casing andleading to said crank and eccentricshaft bearings, an oil sumpremovab'ly mounted within the casin beneath 7 said driving. means, meansfor forcing lubricating material through said passageways to each ofsaid bearings, and a spring pressed valve controlling an outletpassageway leading from one of said bearings, said outlet passage-waybeing located to discharge lubricating material upon said drivingmechanism and within said sump.

13; In an explosive engine a crank casing, a crank shaft journaledtherein,an eccentric -to discharge lubricating material upon the shaftjournaled within the casing,-driving means connecting said shafts withinthe easing, lubricating passageways leading to the bearings of saidshafts, means for forcing lubricatin material through said passageaspring pressed valve controlof the bearings and located to discharge theexcess lubricating material upon said driving means.

In testimony ture.

whereof, I affix 'my signa- EDWARD H. BELDEN.

